Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. CRC have been linked to several genetic variants such as, K-RAS, p53, PTEN, and MLH1 and MSH2 genes
Aim:
The aim of the present study was to assess, the alteration of K-RAS, p53, PTEN, and MLH1, in colorectal cancer tissues obtained from Saudi patients.
Methods:
Fifty Formalin fixed paraffin wax processed colorectal samples were retrieved from histopathology Laboratory. Five micron sections were obtained and immunostained, using antibodies to K-RAS, p53, PTEN, and MLH1.
Results:
Of the 50 cases, 76% were adenocarcinomas, 14% invasive adenocarcinomas and 10% Mucinous carcinomas. Of the carcinomas 93% were identified in Stage II and 7% in Stage III Positive immunohistochemical expressions of K-RAS and p53 were identified in 38% and 54%, respectively, Lack of expressions were found in 21% and 11% in this order.
Conclusions:
There is a considerable genetic variation in for K-RAS, p53, PTEN, and MLH1 genes among Saudi patients with colorectal cancer. Immunohistochemical testing for K-RAS, p53, PTEN, and MLH1 expression which provides prognostic information for management of patients with colorectal cancer.